Antimüllerian hormone - clinical use and future possibilities

Abstract

Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is a protein produced already in human fetus. It has an essential role in the differentiation of the reproductive tract, regulation of ovarian and testicular function. The evaluation of serum AMH levels has a role in clinical practice. Today, especially in reproductive medicine in the assessment of ovarian reserve and in the prediction of response to ovarian stimulation. However, in young cancer patients it can also predict the risk of ovarian failure after anticancer treatment. It finds further use in paediatric endocrinology in the diagnosis of disorders of sexual differentiation. In oncology, it is used as a tumour marker to monitor patients with granulosa cell tumour. In the future, however, it is also promising to use the knowledge of AMH function for the treatment of gynaecological as well as other solid malignancies expressing the tissue-specific receptor for AMH.