Congenital isolated juvenile xanthogranuloma of the sole: unique case report in a newborn

Abstract

Background:

JXG (Juvenile Xanthogranuloma) is a rare, benign non-LC (Langerhans cell) histiocytosis that primarily affects the skin, with only occasional extracutaneous manifestations. These lesions usually appear during early childhood and tend to resolve on their own without any treatment.

Case Summary:

This paper describes a case of a child diagnosed with a solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma on the sole of their foot, which gradually increased in size. The biopsy revealed diffuse sheets of histiocytes in the dermis admixed with lymphocytes, eosinophils, and Touton giant cells consistent with JXG. Initially, a wait-and-see approach was taken, but as the lesion did not resolve and began to impact the child's mobility, it required surgical excision.

Conclusion:

While congenital juvenile xanthogranuloma typically resolves spontaneously and does not require surgical intervention, exceptions may arise, such as in this case where functional impairment was present.