Ischiofemorální impingement: přehled pro klinickou praxi a diagnostiku

Abstract

The article provides a concise overview of the extant literature pertaining to ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) as a potentially underdiagnosed etiology of deep gluteal pain, categorized within the broader spectrum of posterior hip pain disorders. IFI is characterized by a reduction in the ischiofemoral space, which is the space between the ischial tuberosity and the lesser trochanter. In addition to this, there is a restriction of space for the quadratus femoris muscle, which can lead to its irritation and, secondarily, to irritation of the sciatic nerve. Clinically, the manifestation of this condition is characterized by discomfort, primarily caused by extended periods of sitting. The etiology is multifactorial, including congenital morphological variants, postoperative/post-traumatic changes, and functional disorders in the pelvis and hip area. The diagnosis is based on the correlation of clinical findings with imaging methods. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable diagnostic tool that allows for precise quantification of the narrowing and the detection of oedema or atrophy of the quadratus femoris muscle.