Matrix Metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 as Markers for Prediction of Preeclampsia in the First Trimester

Abstrakt

Introduction. Preeclampsia is a life-threatening condition for the mother and fetus. Globally, it is diagnosed in 10 million women every year, which accounts for 3% through 8% of all pregnancies. Currently, there is no proven effective treatment for preeclampsia. The aforesaid actualizes the issue of predicting this complication. To determine the prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 levels as early markers of preeclampsia, the present prospective study is conducted. Materials and methods. The levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 were assessed in 72 patients. 34 of them subsequently developed preeclampsia during pregnancy (20 patients with moderate preeclampsia, 14 patients with severe preeclampsia), and constituted the basic group; 38 patients made up the control group. Results. In pregnant women with the subsequent development of preeclampsia, the level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 at 11-13 weeks of gestation was 155 ± 73.4 ng/ml and significantly exceeded its level in pregnant women without hypertensive disorders - 75.0 ± 32.8 ng/ml. The study conducted demonstrates a significantly lower concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared to the control -749 ± 296 ng/ml and 1667 ± 552 ng/ml (P <0.001). The performed research figures that in the first trimester, the cutoff value of matrix metalloproteinase-2 for predicting the development of preeclampsia is ≥102 ng/ml (sensitivity - 88.24% and specificity 82.76%). For matrix metalloproteinase-9, a level of ≤980 ng/ml in the first trimester predicts the development of preeclampsia with a sensitivity of 85.29% and a specificity of 84.48%. Conclusion. The study established the cutoff values of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 for predicting the development of preeclampsia in the first trimester.